The most commonly used grinding tool for machine tools - grinding wheels
Release time:
2024-06-01
Grinding wheel is a porous grinding and processing tool made of abrasive and binder after mixing and mold pressing and shaping
01What is a grinding wheel?
Grinding wheel is a porous grinding and processing tool made of abrasive and binder after mixing and mold pressing and shaping, and then sintering and other treatments, belonging to one kind of solidified abrasives. Abrasive, binder and porosity are also the three main components of a grinding wheel.
02 What parameters determine the characteristics of the grinding wheel?
1、Type of abrasive
The main component of the grinding wheel is abrasive, which has high hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and toughness, and is responsible for grinding, grinding heat and cutting force.
2、Grain size
Grain size refers to the size of the abrasive particles. According to the size of the abrasive particles are divided into two kinds of abrasive particles and abrasive powder. Abrasive grain is the number of holes per inch of length of the screen through which the abrasive grain can just pass, the larger the particle size number, the smaller the actual size of the abrasive grain; and abrasive powder refers to the micron number of the maximum size of the particles measured under a microscope, with W with a number that the larger the number, the larger the size of the micropowder particles.
3、Binder
The role of the binder is to bond the abrasive particles together, so that the grinding wheel has the necessary shape and strength, its performance determines the strength of the wheel, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and wheel life.
4、Hardness
The hardness of the grinding wheel refers to the abrasive grains under the action of the grinding force, from the surface of the grinding wheel off the degree of difficulty. Grinding wheel hard, abrasive particles off is more difficult; on the contrary, grinding wheel soft, abrasive particles off is easier. When the grinding wheel organization is more loose, the workpiece material is harder, the grinding wheel and the workpiece grinding contact surface is larger, the grinding wheel porosity is lower, you need to choose a softer grinding wheel.
(Resin grinding wheel diagram)
5、Organization
The organization of the grinding wheel is the volume ratio of abrasive particles, adhesives and pores, abrasive particles in the volume of the grinding wheel accounted for a larger proportion of the wheel's organization, the more compact, the smaller the pores; on the contrary, the organization of the more loose. According to the organization of the different grinding wheels can be divided into tight, medium, loose three categories.
6, shape, size
In order to facilitate the management and selection of grinding wheels, usually the shape, size and characteristics of the grinding wheel marked on the grinding wheel end face.
03 What are the types of grinding wheel grinding?
Common types of grinding processes can be divided into cylindrical grinding, surface grinding, internal grinding, profile grinding, high-speed grinding and high-efficiency grinding, etc..
1, cylindrical grinding
Cylindrical grinding can be divided into center cylindrical grinding and centerless cylindrical grinding. Center cylindrical grinding workpiece rotates around a fixed center axis and positioning, while the centerless cylindrical grinding workpiece rotary center is not fixed, relying on its own surface positioning. The drive of centerless cylindrical grinding workpiece mainly depends on the friction between the workpiece and the pallet or regulating wheel.
When centerless grinding, the workpiece relies on its own positioning of the processed surface, supported by a pallet placed between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel for grinding, the axis of the workpiece will be slightly higher than the center of the grinding wheel and the guide wheel line.
2、Flat grinding
Grinding wheel surface grinding can be divided into horizontal spindle grinding wheel peripheral grinding and vertical spindle grinding wheel end face grinding two categories, and each of these categories is divided into reciprocating table and rotary table two categories.
Rotary table can realize non-stop loading and unloading of workpieces, compact structure, occupies less space, conducive to the layout of multiple grinding head, can realize coarse and fine integrated processing. The rigidity of vertical shaft type grinding head is better, suitable for heavy-duty grinding. Commonly used steel disk support bowl-shaped grinding wheel or grinding tile as a grinding tool, it covers a large width, often do not need lateral feed movement, only axial feed movement, often used for high flatness requirements of high-volume grinding process.
The disadvantage is that heat dissipation and chip removal are not as easy as in the horizontal spindle category. Industrial production, usually use more horizontal spindle grinding wheel peripheral grinding table reciprocating motion grinding.
3, internal grinding
Common form of internal grinding process for the most widely used feed grinding. Centerless internal grinding of thin-walled sleeves with poor rigidity. Which the workpiece inside the grinding wheel, its high-speed rotation is the main movement, the empty set of regulating wheel low-speed rotation drive workpiece rotation, do circumferential feed movement, the empty set of rollers will play an auxiliary support role.
4, surface grinding
Grinding wheel grinding surface commonly used in molding grinding, trajectory method of grinding and spreading grinding and other methods.
04 grinding wheel dressing
Commonly used dressing tools are: diamond pen, diamond roller, molding wheel. For grinding plasticity or soft materials, the grinding wheel is easy to block and use wire brushes, etc. to clean and refresh; metal adhesive grinding wheels can be used to electrolytic removal of online dressing methods.
Key words:
Grinding tools and abrasives
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